MATHEMATICS IS AN ART

Mathematics is the language in which the Book of Nature is written. Mathematics is the Queen of the Sciences.It is universally agreed that Mathematics is the backbone of Science and Technology. For without Mathematics, the engineer is but an artist or a sculptor. He can build his bridge, attest to its form and beauty, but without Mathematics he cannot guarantee its reliability to serve the purpose for which it is built.

‘Pep is a weak coward; Jose is a big star’ – Zlatan on his love for Mourinho & hatred for Guardiola

In his book, 'I am Zlatan', Ibrahimovic explains how a reunion with the Portuguese boss led to the collapse of his relationship with the Catalan during his Barcelona days.

I still don’t know what [Guardiola’s] problem was. Or, well... I don't think the guy can handle strong personalities. He wants nice school boys. And worse: he runs away from his problems. He can't look them in the eye and that makes everything so much worse.

Word-of-Mouth Markteting (WOMM) - Modern Marketing Strategy

Word-of-mouth marketing (WOMM, WOM Marketing) is the simple act of consumers exchanging information about a business via talking. Traditionally, word-of-mouth was done in person with friends, families, and neighbors; today, word-of-mouth marketing has become much more digitized, and relies on the exchange of information using texting, emails, online review sites like Yelp or Google+ Local, and social media sites like Facebook and Twitter.

Windows 10 Version 1511 gets a new cumulative update

Microsoft is releasing a new cumulative update for Windows 10 Version 1511 today. The latest cumulative update, KB3176493 brings the build number to 10586.545. If your Windows 10 PC is still running Version 1511 (aka the November Update, the update should be available for you. As you may expect, the update does not include any major bug fixes or improvements as the November Update is no longer the latest release of Windows 10. That’s because Microsoft released the Anniversary Update for Windows 10 (Version 1607) just last week, but the

SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING - How can it affect your business?

Social Media Marketing is the use of social media to market a product or service. Companies address several stakeholders through social media marketing including (potential) customers, (potential) employees, journalists, bloggers, and the general public. On a strategic level, social media marketing includes the management of the implementation, governance, scope (e.g. more active or passive use) and the establishment of a firm's desired social media culture. This requires marketers to incorporate user-generated content (earned media rather than paid media) into their strategic approach.

Lagos urge hajj pilgrims to submit e-passports

WRITING A COMPUTER-BASED EXAMINATION - PROF

WRITING A COMPUTER-BASED EXAMINATION

A Computer-Based Examination is a type of examination administered through the use of Computer. This type of examination is commonly referred to as Computer-Based Test (CBT). CBT is delivered in objective formats. In CBT, the computer displays each question with its associated options where the candidate is expected to select his choice of answer and then move on the next question. The computer also displays a timer to help candidates keep track on the timing of the examination and would end it automatically when the time elapses.

In 2014, the Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (JAMB) in Nigeria introduced the use of CBT in the conduct of its examinations. Many examination bodies are presently adopting this system to examine their candidates. This is the reason why students should know more about it.

SECRETS OF PASSING UTME - PROF

SECRETS OF PASSING UTME

“Proper preparation prevents poor performance” is a common saying that underscores the importance of adequate preparation before one can obtain excellent result from an examination. Youths need to appreciate the fact that they are in a race with multitudes where few winners emerge. Therefore, there must be utmost concentration and seriousness in preparation in order to be among the winners.

WRONG ATTITUDES TO AVOID

It is common nowadays to see a large number of those that have finished secondary school education waiting endlessly for admission into higher institutions. This is unpleasant, but unless access to tertiary institutions is increased,

REASONS WHY STUDENTS LOSE ADMISSION - PROF

REASONS WHY STUDENTS LOSE ADMISSION

In the midst of stiff competition for admission into higher institutions, you receive a provisional admission letter; it is always a thing of joy for the individual, family and friends. The expectation of everyone thereafter is just to wait for the commencement of registration process; when the great achievement becomes formalized. Testimonials, Letter of References, SSCE statement results will be put together among other required items in preparation for registration. However, many a times, the candidates become greatly disappointed and frustrated when he or she discovers that due to one reason or the other, the admission is cancelled or withdrawn.

The question is why do candidates lose admission?

CHOOSING THE RIGHT CAREER - PROF

CHOOSING THE RIGHT CAREER

INTRODUCTION

Quite often in life, there comes a time when we have to take a decision that would, in the long run, determine our future. Choosing a career is one of such times. It is common among youths to say, “I want to become an Engineer, I want to become a Medical Doctor, I want to become a Lawyer”. These statements are made with little or no knowledge of what it takes to pursue such professions. In most cases, many go into such career with ignorance. Therefore, to avoid “Had I known” in the end, there is need for you to be well informed before choosing a career.

A NOTE OF LECTURE ON ORAL PRESENTATION (PUBLIC SPEAKING) - PROF

A NOTE OF LECTURE ON ORAL PRESENTATION (PUBLIC SPEAKING)

Definition

Oral presentation which is also called Public Speaking is the exhibition or display of ideas, information, feelings and opinions by using the different sounds of a language.  A normal speech situation is informal, impromptu and unrehearsed. So, it perfectly normal for one to experience some kind of nervousness like trembling voice, fear and heavy breathing when one is called to present a public speech for the first time. This however is unacceptable if one cannot overcome such drawbacks in subsequent occasions for public or formal speech making.

THE IMPACT OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - Prof. Anuwe A.U.

ABSTRACT

The need for any organization to enhance its growth and development with its daily operations in order to maximize profit calls for effective communication and a good customer relationship management.

To address the situation, this paper has delved into the components of effective organizational and interpersonal communication, taking a depth look into the elements, roles, fundamentals, barriers, factors influencing organisational communication, and leadership qualities with respect to organisational communication. 

Why We’ve Not Commenced Recruitment Yet Into Police Force – Arase

The Inspector General of Police, Solomon Arase, said police had not commenced recruitment due to lack of finance. Arase gave this explanation during an interactive meeting with security stakeholders in Akure on Friday. He added that training, welfare and salaries of such recruits required a lot of money. He called on police personnel to respect security stakeholders to ensure effective policing.
According to him, police personnel in the state need the cooperation of concerned security stakeholders to ensure security of lives and property. “Our officers should respect the traditional rulers, eligious leaders, transport workers and other groups to enable them do their job professionally.

See Catterbox – A Smart Collar That Translates Cat Meows into Human Speech

Cat lovers of the world, rejoice! You finally have the chance to understand what your

pet is saying thanks to a smart collar that can interpret feline meows and translate it into human speech. Aptly named ‘Catterbox’, the collar supposedly has a digital sensor that detects meows, and uses a special program to decipher the meaning behind them. Developed by London ad agency adam&eveDDB, for Temptations cat treats, the invention comes preloaded with a dictionary of cat purrs, meows, and several other sounds to make the interpretation as accurate as possible. “We’re fascinated by cats, so we set out on a mission to get to know them better,” said Pete Simmons, global brand director of Temptations.

How Entrepreneurs Can Start Leveraging Instagram To Increase Sales

Every entrepreneur is in business to make money. If you want to increase brand awareness and start boosting sales to pad your bottom line then you need to start serving content that your audience can’t help but devour.

Not just any content – visual content. That means Instagram should be at the top of your list for promotion. This is true whether you’re selling a tangible product or you’re a service related business.

6 things that’d make you fall in love with the Nigerian police #Police_Reform

The Inspector General of Police, Solomon Arase, who just clocked a full year in office, in an interview with Vanguard Newspaper, spoke on his dreams for the Police Force, the plans to eradicate corruption and other steps taken that might actually make the citizenry gain a mustard seed-sized faith in the police again.

Bearing in mind that faith the size of a mustard seed can move mountains- even that of insecurity!

Of late, Nigeria has waded in tumultuous waters in terms of security, the protection of citizen’s lives and properties.

The deafening silence of Nigerian Legislators on MTN fine - Femi Isaac

There comes a time when silence is not golden, when policy makers and decision making institutions deliberately and needlessly extend prompt decision on an issue of national importance or even refuse to proffer an amicable way forward in line with national interest.

Alcohol Intake can lead to Cancer - Expert

Dr Charles Anoti, an Abuja based medical practitioner, has warned that excessive intake of alcohol could lead to cancer related diseases and several health disorders. Anoti made this known when he spoke with newsmen on Thursday in Abuja.

When I Was President, I Respected All Past Presidents -Obasanjo

According to VANGUARD , addressing the new Olubadan of Ibadan, Oba Saliu Adetunji, who paid him a courtesy visit at his hilltop residence in Abeokuta, Ogun, Obasanjo said that he respected every past and present presidents irrespective of the population of the countries or where they governed when he was at the helm of Nigeria’s affairs. 

Hated encryption bill should prompt U.S. intelligence reform

You don’t need anything decrypted to see that nobody likes the Compliance with Court Orders Act of 2016, the draft encryption bill released two weeks ago. Coauthored by Senators Richard Burr and Dianne Feinstein, the bill would allow courts to order companies to break encryption on communications and devices for law enforcement purposes.

There are plenty of reasons to dislike it. Here are mine, along with some thoughts about what the bill reveals about our government’s approach to intelligence.

Google now lets you visit any Blogspot page using HTTPS

Google today announced that you can now visit any Blogspot domain — like, say, libraryh3lp.blogspot.com, for example — using HTTPS. And when you do that, your connection will be secure and encrypted. You’ll just need to change the beginning of the URL from “http://” to “https://”.

3 potential holes in WhatsApp’s end-to-end encryption

It’s been almost a month since, right on the heels of the Apple vs FBI showdown, WhatsApp added fresh fuel to the already hot encryption debate when it announced it was enabling end-to-end encryption for all of its 1 billion users.

As of April 5, every message, every video recording, every sound recording, and every photo exchanged via the app is visible by the parties involved in the communication only and no one else. Not WhatsApp itself, not government surveillance agencies, not any potential hackers or snoopers, nobody. From the company’s web site:

“WhatsApp’s end-to-end encryption ensures only you and the person you’re communicating with can read what is sent, and nobody in between, not even WhatsApp. This is because your messages are secured with a lock, and only the recipient and you have the special key needed to unlock and read them. For added protection, every message you send has its own unique lock and key. All of this happens automatically: no need to turn on settings or set up special secret chats to secure your messages.”

10-year-old boy awarded $10,000 for discovering security fault in Instagram

A 10-year-old Finnish boy has received 10,000 dollars from Instagram after finding a security fault in the service, media report said on Tuesday. 

It said that the boy, whose name was given as Jani ,discovered the security vulnerability in the Instagram app, a mobile photo-sharing service owned by Facebook, in March. He found that he could delete other people’s comments when he inputted malicious code into the comment field of the application.

An Insight on the Concept of an Entrepreneur

CONCEPT OF AN ENTREPRENEUR

Who is an Entrepreneur?

An entrepreneur is a person who has the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities with necessary resources to take advantages of and to initiate appropriate actions to ensure success. In other words, entrepreneurs are action oriented people who are highly motivated to take risk upon achieving goals.

Honey Suppliers

Honey Suppliers

An Insight on the Nigeria Police Force (History, Authority, Organisation, Department, Finances, issues and Training)

Nigeria Police Force

The Nigeria Police (NP) is the principal law enforcement agency in Nigeria with staff strength of about 371,800. There are currently plans to increase the force to 650,000, adding 280,000 new recruits to the existing 370,000. The NP is a very large organization consisting of 36 commands grouped into 12 zones and 7 administrative organs. The agency is currently headed by IGP Solomon Arase in acting capacity.

History

Nigeria's police was first established in 1820 and it began with officers from Imo State. The first person to have the highest rank in all the police is commissioner general colonel KK.

In 1879 a 1,200-member armed paramilitary Hausa Constabulary was formed. In 1896 the Lagos Police was established. A similar force, the Niger Coast Constabulary, was formed in Calabar in 1894 under the newly proclaimed Niger Coast Protectorate. In the north, the Royal Niger Company set up the Royal Niger Company Constabulary in 1888 with headquarters. When the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria were proclaimed in the early 1900s, part of the Royal Niger Company Constabulary became the Northern Nigeria Police, and part of the Niger Coast Constabulary became the Southern Nigeria Police. During the colonial period, most police were associated with local governments (native authorities). In the 1960s, under the First Republic, these forces were first regionalised and then nationalised.

The NPF performed conventional police functions and was responsible for internal security generally; for supporting the prison, immigration, and customs services; and for performing military duties within or outside Nigeria as directed. Plans were announced in mid-1980 to expand the force to 200,000. By 1983, according to the federal budget, the strength of the NPF was almost 152,000, but other sources estimated it to be between 20,000 and 80,000. Reportedly, there were more than 1,300 police stations nationwide. Police officers were not usually armed but were issued weapons when required for specific missions or circumstances. They were often deployed throughout the country, but in 1989 Babangida announced that a larger number of officers would be posted to their native areas to facilitate police- community relations.

Authority

The Nigeria Police (NP) is designated by Section 194 of the 1979 constitution as the national police of Nigeria with exclusive jurisdiction throughout the country. Constitutional provision also exists, however, for the establishment of separate NPF branches "forming part of the armed forces of the Federation or for their protection of harbours, waterways, railways and airfields." One such branch, the Port Security Police, was reported by different sources to have strength in 1990 of between 1,500 and 12,000.

Organization

The NPF maintains a three-tier administrative structure of departments, zonal and state commands.

Departments

Title	Departments	Responsibilities
Department of Finance and Administration	Finance and Administration	General administration and Finance
Department of Operations	Operations	Crime prevention, Public Order, Public Safety
Department of Logistics and Supply	Logistics and Supply	Works and Police Estate Management
Department of Criminal Investigation	Force Criminal Investigation Department (FORCID)	Investigation
Department of Training and Development	Training	Human resources
Department of Research and Planning	Planning, Research and Development	Statistics and Data
Department of Information Technology	Information and communication technology	Communication management

The NPF was under the general operational and administrative control of an Inspector General (IGP) appointed by the president and responsible for the maintenance of law and order. He was supported at headquarters in Lagos by a Deputy Inspector General (DIG) and in each state by police commissioners. The 1979 constitution provided for a Police Service Commission that was responsible for NPF policy, organization, administration, and finance (except for pensions), In February 1989, Babangida abolished the Police Service Commission and established the Nigeria Police Council in its stead, under direct presidential control. The new council was chaired by the president; the chief of General Staff, the minister of internal affairs, and the police inspector general were members. As part of the government reorganization in September 1990, Alhajji Sumaila Gwarzo, formerly SSS director, was named to the new post of minister of state, police affairs.

In late 1986, the NPF was reorganized nationwide into seven area commands, which superseded a command structure corresponding to each of the States of Nigeria. Each command was under a commissioner of police and was further divided into police provinces and divisions under local officers. NPF headquarters, which was also an area command, supervised and coordinated the other area commands. Later these Area Commands were grouped under Zone Commands as follows:

Zone 1, Headquartered Kano, with Kano, Kastina, and Jigaw Commands

Zone 2, Headquartered Lagos, with Lagos, and Ogun Commands

Zone 3, Headquartered Yola, with Adamawa, and Gombe Commands

The 1986 NPF reorganization was occasioned by a public eruption of tensions between the police and the army. A superintendent was suspended for a time for grumbling that the army had usurped police functions and kept police pay low, and there were fights between police and army officers over border patrol jurisdiction. The armed forces chief of staff announced a thorough reorganization of the NPF into the seven new area commands and five directorates (criminal investigations, logistics, supplies, training, and operations) under deputy inspectors general. About 2,000 constables and 400 senior police officers were dismissed by mid-1987, leaving senior police officers disgruntled.

In mid-1989 another NPF reorganization was announced after the AFRC's acceptance of a report by Rear Admiral Murtala Nyako. In 1989 the NPF also created a Quick Intervention Force in each state, separate from the mobile police units, specifically to monitor political events and to quell unrest during the transition to civil rule. Each state unit of between 160 and 400 police was commanded by an assistant superintendent and equipped with vehicles, communications gear, weapons, and crowd control equipment, including cane shields, batons, and tear gas.

A Federal Investigation and Intelligence Bureau (FIIB) was to be set up as the successor to the Directorate of Intelligence and Investigation; three directorates were established for operations, administration, and logistics, each headed by a deputy inspector general.

The Directorate of Operations was subdivided into four units under a deputy director—operations, training, communications, and the Mobile Police.

The Directorate of Administration was composed of an administration unit headed by an assistant inspector general (AIG), and of budget and personnel units under commissioners.

The Directorate of Logistics had four units—procurement, workshop/transport, supply, and work/maintenance—under AIGs. The zonal arrangements were retained. However, AIGs were authorized to transfer officers up to the rank of chief superintendent, to set up provost units, to deploy mobile units, and to promote officers between the ranks of sergeant and inspector.

The above three Directorates were renamed Departments

Department of Criminal Investigation

D Department: The Department Criminal Investigation (DCI) is the highest criminal investigation arm of the Nigeria Police NPF. The Department is headed by a Deputy Inspector-General (DIG), currently DIG Solomon Arase. Its primary functions include investigation and prosecution of serious and complex criminal cases within and outside the Country. The Department also coordinates crime investigations throughout the NPF. The DCI is divided into sections, with most of them headed by Commissioners of Police (CPs). The Sections are:

• i. Administration
• ii. Anti-Fraud Section
• iii. The Central Criminal Registry (CCR)
• iv. Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS)
• v. X-Squad
• vi. General Investigation
• vii. Special Fraud Unit (SFU)
• viii. Legal Section
• ix. Forensic Science Laboratory
• x. Interpol Liaison
• xi. Homicide
• xii. Anti-Human Trafficking Unit
• xiii. Force Intelligence Bureau (FIB)
• xiv. DCI Kaduna Annex

Police Mobile Force

The Police Mobile Force was established as a strike or Anti-riot unit under the control of the Inspector-General of Police to counter incidents of civil disturbance. It is designated to take over operations of major crisis where conventional police units cannot cope.

There are presently 12 MOPOL Commands, MOPOLs 1 thru 12, controlling 52 Police Mobile Squadrons which are spread amongst the 36 State Commands and Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

Supervision of the Nigeria Police

Three major Governmental Agencies oversee the control and supervision of the Nigerian Police; The Police Service Commission and The Ministry of Police Affairs.

• The Police Service Commission (PSC)

The PSC is the civilian oversight body on the police. It is responsible for appointment, promotion, and discipline of all police officers except the Inspector General of Police. It shall collaborate, cooperate and work with all the stake holders, namely the police council with the President of Nigeria as Chairman, all the governors of the Federating states of Nigeria, the Minister of Interior, the Chairman, Police Service commission and the Inspector-General of Police as members to turn the police around and enable it to meet the challenges of the 21st century.

• The Nigeria Police Council (NPC)
• The Police Service Commission (PSC)

Inspector General of the Nigerian Police

Name	Period of office
IGP Louis Edet	1964–1966
IGP Kam Salem	1966–1975
IGP Muhammadu Dikko Yusufu	1975–1979
IGP Adamu Suleiman	1979–1981
IGP Sunday Adewusi	1981–1983
IGP Etim Inyang	1985–1986
IGP Muhammadu Gambo-Jimeta	1986–1990
IGP Aliyu Atta	1990–1993
IGP Ibrahim Coomassie	1993–1999
IGP Musiliu Smith	1999–2002
IGP Mustafa Adebayo Balogun	2002–2005
IGP Sunday Ehindero	2005–2007
IGP Mike Mbama Okiro	2007–2009
IGP Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo	2009-2010
IGP Hafiz Ringim	2010 - Jan 2012
IGP Mohammed Dikko Abubakar	2012 - 2014
IGP Suleiman Abba	2014 - 2015
IGP Solomon Arase	Inspector-General of Police

Finances

The NPF operating budget between 1984 and 1988 remained in the N360 million to N380 million range, and in 1988 increased to N521 million. More notable were large capital expenditure infusions of N206 million in 1986 and N260.3 million in 1988, representing 3.5 and 2.5 percent of total federal capital expenditures in those years. These increases were used to acquire new communications equipment, transport, and weapons to combat the rising crime wave, such as 100 British Leyland DAF Comet trucks delivered in 1990 Despite these purchases, an NPF study in late 1990 concluded that the force's budget must double to meet its needs.

Issues

Although generally considered an attractive career, the NPF experienced endemic problems with recruiting, training, inefficiency, and indiscipline, and it lacked expertise in specialized fields. Corruption and dishonesty were widespread, engendering a low level of public confidence, failure to report crimes, and tendencies to resort to self-help. Police were more adept at paramilitary operations and the exercise of force than at community service functions or crime prevention, detection, and investigation.

During the Obasanjo period, an attempt was made to expand the NPF by reducing the recruitment age from nineteen to seventeen and by enrolling demobilized soldiers, but it failed. In mid-1980 the then federal police minister acknowledged that the police had recovered only 14 percent of the US$900 million worth of property reported stolen in the preceding six months, and that only 20 percent of the 103,000 persons arrested had been found guilty, a performance record about the same as that reported in the 1960s. The use of excessive violence in quelling student disorders led the AFRC in June 1986 to direct the police to use only rubber bullets in containing student riots. Reports of police collusion with criminals were common, as were official appeals to police officers to change their attitude toward the public, to be fair and honest, and to avoid corrupt practices. In an effort to reduce bribery and to make identification of offenders easier, police officers on beats and at checkpoints were not allowed to carry more than N5 on their person.

In September 2005, Nigeria withdrew 120 police officers serving in the UN Congo mission because of accusations that they had engaged in sexual abuses.

The NPF is alleged to follow a policy of "Fire for Fire" in which many captured suspects die in police custody or are "shot while attempting to escape". Decades of police and official corruption and continued failure to train police officers properly has led to a situation where extrajudicial killing is an accepted form of dealing with people the police believe to be criminals. The most recent victim of which is Yusuf Mohamed, the leader of the Boko Haram sect in Nigeria, was alive when captured by the army.

Even before the violence surrounding the Boko Haram uprising in northern Nigeria, there were questions over the conduct of the security forces. The government is currently attempting to reform the police. They have produced a White Paper with 79 recommendations for improving the police force, which is due to be considered by the National Assembly and turned into a Police Reform Bill. Key reforms such as: Police officers are paid as little as $40 (£26) a month, this should be raised to $100 for police constables, Deal with the estimated 10,000 officers with criminal records hired between 2001 and 2004, Establish a reliable system for the public to complain about the police, better educated Recruits should attain a certain level of qualification before being considered, job applications should be transparently managed, policemen should not have to buy their own, the police are in dire need of an up-to-date communication network, and the police should be given better investigating tools and the training to use them.

2008 statistics

• 4% decrease in reported crime
• 36.8% decrease in offenses against Local Acts
• 18.8% decrease in offenses against Lawful Authority
• 3.6% decrease in offenses against property
• 2,433 vehicles stolen, 1,646 recovered
• 37% decrease in Road Traffic Offenses
• 66,522,000 Naira (Nigerian Currency) recovered
• Senior Police Officers: 20,613
• Investigators: 28,175
• Rank and File: 263,425

Comparative analysis of Offences for 2008 & 2009'

The data below show the crime statistics spread sheet on offences against Persons, offences against Property, offences against Lawful Authority and offences against Local Acts, 2009 in all the State Commands

Offences against Persons 2008- 35,109	2009- 38,955 (Increase); Offences against Property 2008- 47,626	2009-64, 286 (Increase)
Offences against Authority 2008- 5,938	2009- 7,878 (Increase); Offences against Local Acts 2008- 90,156	2009- 1,378 (Decrease)

An interactive website, the Nigeria Police Watch has made the reporting of crime and chronicling of police activities easier for the Nigerian public through various tools.

D+Z, a magazine focused on development, reports that Freedom Radio, a three-year-old weekly radio programme, is also helping to curb corruption in Kano, Dutse, and Jigawa states by allowing citizens to voice complaints and experiences. It also has a representative from the police force there to address these complaints and talk about new undertakings and normal operations of the police force. Although the number of corruption and human rights violation reports has decreased, it is a good sign because it shows that the programme is effective.

Training

Police training was directed from headquarters by a deputy inspector general designated as commander. Recruits were trained at Police colleges in Oji River, Maiduguri, Kaduna, and Ikeja, which also offered training to other security personnel, such as armed immigration officers. The Police College at Ikeja trained cadet assistant superintendents and cadet sub-inspectors.

There were also in-service training schools, including the Police Mobile Force Training School at Guzuo, southwest of Abuja, the Police Detective College at Enugu, the Police Dogs Service Training Centre, and the Mounted Training Centre.

In August 1989, Babangida laid the foundation stone for a Nigeria Police Academy (NPA) in Kano State. The NPA was to be affiliated with Bayero University until adequate infrastructure was available for independent operation. Admission was to be regulated by merit, by the quota system, and by federal character. The commandant was to be at least an AIG and assisted by a provost who would oversee the academic program. Modeled after the Nigerian Defence Academy in Kaduna, the NPA would offer a five-year academic and professional degree program for new cadets and an eighteen-month intensive course for college graduates aspiring to a police career. Babangida also disclosed plans to obtain technical assistance from Britain to establish a central planning and training program to modernize and upgrade police training.

2009 Nigeria religious violence

Religious violence resulted in at least 150 deaths in two days after a series of attacks on 26 July 2009 in several Nigerian cities. Bauchi in Bauchi State, Maiduguri in Borno State, Potiskum in Yobe State and Wudil have all been attacked. Witnesses now claim over 250 people are dead. Nigeria claims that most of the dead are militants.

The battles began on 26 July when Boko Haram, a militant Islamist organisation, attacked a police station in retaliation for the arrest of its leaders. Police responded with their own retaliation and a curfew fell on the area. The attacks spread and by the next day corpses were located at police stations, people were fleeing their homes and some were being pulled from their cars to be shot dead as police stations burned to the ground.

Nigerian troops then surrounded the home of Mohammed Yusuf in Maiduguri on 28 July after his followers barricaded themselves inside.

It is the worst sectarian violence the country has experienced since November 2008. It has been suggested that politics, not religion, is the cause of the violence. 
Reference